Childbirth is the time in which the new world comes to be. In the case of humans usually occurs after 40 weeks of gestation. Si If happens before 37 weeks are considered premature birth.

This is a crucial moment for both mother and son who pass through decisive moments. Although there are risks for both, if all goes well the nature arrive happily to its course and a new life will have begun.

Types of births

Depending on their length, how they occur or where develops distinguish different types of delivery:

·  Natural Childbirth: one who comes to a close between 38 and 42 weeks and the birth occurs without using anesthesia.

·  Caesarean Birth: one in which there was any failure or risk to the birth occurs vaginally. It anesthesia to pregnant and the child is removed through a cut in the abdomen.

·  Childbirth in the water: it is a modality which resort to ever more women. It seems that this environment is conducive to the relaxation of the mother and makes it feel less pain. Its supporters believe that the arrival in the world of baby is less traumatic to continue initially in a liquid medium.

Phases childbirth

Since the beginning of birth until the birth of a child can take up to 24 hours in the mothers primiparous (first-son), and no more than 10 hours in multiparous (which have already had more children).

Se It is believed that the birth ranges from the onset of regular contractions until such time as the mother, after bringing his son into the world, expelling the placenta and other remnants.

Some specialists speak of a so-called pre pródromos childbirth are some contractions more intense than those of Braxton Hicks. Some women confused with the start of labor.

During this period located a few days before giving birth normally begins to occur shortening of the cervix. In the evolution of childbirth are often distinguish typically three phases.

Expansion Phase

It often results in the expulsion of mucus plug from the womb, which protects them from infection during pregnancy The cervix begins to dilate and the mother feels contractions. These are every 15 or 20 minutes while dilation is 2 or 3 centimeters.

At this time the cervix continuing its process of shortening, called borramiento. Contractions will become more frequent (5 minutes) and will continue to rise until you are alienated by only 2 or 3 minutes.

The process of expansion is considered completed when it reaches 10 centimeters. During this period there is usually broken waters, which involves the removal of amniotic fluid housed in the placenta.

Phase expulsión

It is one in which the baby abandoned its mother's womb and exits to the outside. Generally, the birth takes place through the vagina.

Typically, the child is placed with his head down and face-oriented back of his mother. If this is not the case, complications can occur.

If the child is not placed by example with their heads down, usually performed a caesarean section. It consists of making a cut in the lower abdomen through which the child will come after applying anesthesia to the mother.

At this stage it is too often the gynecologist perform a epistonia consisting of a cut in the perineum (outside of the pelvis) in order to avoid spontaneous tears.

Sometimes to help the exit of the child are resorted to other instruments such as forceps. This is a kind of pliers used to help turn and draw the face of the child.

The use of forceps can result in the aftermath fetus so its use is limited to cases in which delivery is prolonged much or presents any difficulties that may cause fetal distress to the baby.

In some cases, even less, are used suction cups that attach to the child's head and help their extraction. Using the same also involves risks and are used only in circumstances so require.

Phase birthing

It is called the period between the child's birth and expulsion by the mother of the placenta and other remnants of the process of gestation. If the expulsion of these substances and tissues does not occur spontaneously, it will require medical intervention.

En el caso de que se haya realizado una epistonia court or the doctor will also perform at this time to suture the same.

Epidural

El The use of anesthesia as epidurals during labor is widespread in recent years in order to avoid the pain.

Its implementation is done via a puncture and the introduction of a catheter (thin tube and elongated) between two vertebrae in the lower back.

Through the catheter be administered small doses of anesthetic sleep that the lower body. It is generally agreed that their use does not imply risk to the fetus.

Among the risks to the mother is that during the occurrence accidentally prick a puncture mayor of the desired resulting in loss of cerebrospinal fluid. This would involve headaches and dizziness after missing the effects of anesthesia.

Some detractors of this use of anesthesia during childbirth argue that the forces exerted mother to assist in the removal of the child is not the same, also argue that the use of epidural anesthesia increases the number of Caesarean sections and the use of instruments such as forceps.