Dexosirribunocleico acid, or DNA is the substance that stores genetic information. It is the principal means by which reports to a body of all its development according to their inheritance, namely as a result of their parents.

In being dug (comprised of more than one cell) as a man, the DNA is found in the cytoplasm, which is the substance that cell located between the membrane and the nucleus.

DNA consists of two long chains to adopt a so-called double-helix structure. Each string consists of nucleotides grouped into sequences that are called genes.

Genes are interpreted by another substance, RNA (ribunocleico acid). Once decoded, it was transformed into the new individual in a protein. This contains information that one day will be displayed on that person, such as the color of their eyes.

History

The DNA was detected for the first time in 1869 by Friedrich Miesche without knowing what it was. Between the years 1844 and 1952 showed definitively that the DNA was responsible for the transmission of heredity and not proteins, as was believed.

The structure of the double helix of DNA was discovered Watson and Crick in 1953. From there successive studies that identify chromosomes, and genetic testing treatments occurring substances such as insulin from DNA.

Human Genome Project.

It will be in 2000, when presented the Human Genome Project. The act was not only scientists but also the presidents of the USA and UK, Bill Clinton and Tony Blair. This shows the importance of research.

The project aims to identify all the genes contained in the DNA of a human body. This might help to know the genetic predisposition that each individual has to suffer from a certain disease, and decline with time.

In 2003 published studies where descifraba the human genome, all the genes of a orgnismo. Currently there has been decoding the genome of a single person since the first case the results were more than one individual.

Investigations continue the way of interpreting the data, for all the features and alterations of the more than 100,000 genes spread over 23 pairs of chromosomes.