They have a more complex structure that prokaryotic cells. The eukaryotic cells are those with most living beings including animals and plants. In fact, only one of the kingdoms that biology classify living organisms is not formed by eukaryotic cells.

These cells give rise to unicellular and pluricelulares beings. In addition, they are distinguished within eukaryotic cells animal and plant eukaryotic cells.

Parts of eukaryotic cells

The main difference they have with the prokaryotes is that in addition to plasma membrane and the cytoplasm, they have a distinct nucleus, separated from the other components by a membrane.

The main components of these cells are as follows:

·  Plasma Membrane: is the most outside of the cell, which gives shape and retains all the components inside it.

·  Citoplasma: substance between the membrane and the nucleus. In deference to what was going on with the prokaryotic cells are found in many other structures that are called organelle.

·  Core: is situated in the central part of the cell. Are separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane. Inside it is the nucleolus which is composed of chromatin.

Citoplasma

Within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells can be distinguished primarily the cytoskeleton. This is a network of filaments that maintain cell structure and provide the means of movement of the components of the cell.

But there are distinguished organelle with different functions, some of which are inherent in the cells of plants or animals. The organelle in both cell types are as follows:

·  Mitochondrias: are responsible for the production and storage of energy inside the cell from the process of respiration. It is also responsible for synthesizing proteins.

·  Ribosomas: are formed by ribunocleico acid, or RNA. This substance is responsible for carrying genetic information.

·  Endoplasmic Reticulum: distinguish the smooth and rough. They are responsible for the production and synthesis of certain substances.

·  Golgi apparatus performs the transformation synthesizes chemical or sugars.

·  Lisosomas: contain several enzymes. These are substances that within living organisms acting on the chemical transformations.

·  The vacuolas and other organelle differ in plant and animal cells.

Animal Cells

The main difference with plant cells that lacked the cell wall cellulose that reinforces the outer membrane of them. The distinctive organelle that can be found in them are:

·  Vacuolas: are different from those of plant cells and appear only in some cases.

·  Centriolos: there are two in each cell. They have roles in the process of mitosis or cell division.

Plant Cells

They are characterized primarily by having strengthened its external structure with a cell wall composed of cellulose. Another difference is that with a larger vacuola located in the central part of the cell, which is used to store certain substances such as water.

The main characteristic of these cells is that possess plastos as chloroplasts. They are responsible for receiving energy from the sun's light and transform it into chemical energy used for carrying out its vital functions.