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Item: Types of Courts -> Category: Law -> Author: PF -> Revision: 14/05/2008
Judicial organs (Spain)

The following Courts exercising their power in the autonomous region or the province. With the exception of the Superior Court of Justice, only one in every Community, and the Provincial Court that there is one in each province, in other cases there may be one or more.

 

The jurisdiction of the courts within the provinces can vary from one to more judicial districts. A party is a judicial division that brings together one or more municipalities.

 

High Court

 

It is the organ of justice highest in the Autonomous Community. Have rooms civil, criminal, as well as administrative disputes and social issues.

 

Know among other matters of criminal and civil matters involving parliamentarians and judges of the Commonwealth. It is also responsible for settling in cases of powers between various judicial bodies.

 

Provincial Court

 

It is a body of the Spanish justice system that handles both civil affairs and the criminal. It is the highest judicial body within each province.

 

It is responsible for the resources that are made to courts and other resolutions of the causes for the crime that do not correspond to the Criminal Court.

 

Court of Comercial

 

They were tried-ups that began its operation in 2004. Its jurisdiction may cover one or more judicial districts (group of municipalities) within each province.

 

Such courts deal with matters such as the bankruptcy of enterprises, the suspension of payments, unfair competition and intellectual property.

 

Criminal Court

 

It exerts its function in one or more parties (group of municipalities) in the province so that there can be more than one.

 

It deals with crimes or misdemeanors whose sentences do not exceed five years or ten years, depending on their characteristics. If you exceed these sentences, the cases belong to the Central Criminal Courts, which stood at the National Audience.

 

Administrative as Contecioso Courts

 

Such courts have no because being unique to each province. Depending on the extent of the same can be more. Its jurisdiction is provincial and may include one or more judicial districts (group of municipalities).

 

This court is responsible for all processes ranging from decisions or actions of the Administration. It is headquartered in Madrid, which was directed processes initiated by public entities.

 

Social Court

 

This is a judicial body provincial level. Its jurisdiction may cover one or more parties (group of municipalities). Therefore, in each province does not have to have one, but that this depends on the length or number of inhabitants.

 

Such courts hear first or only body processes related to labor issues associated for example with Social Security.

 

Court Monitoring Prison

 

This is a judicial body at provincial, whose jurisdiction extends to one or more parties. It is possible that each province has one or more.

 

It is responsible for executing sentences, dictate the surveillance measures and ensure the safety of prisoners. It has a headquarters in Madrid that deals with the sentences passed since the National High Court.

 

Juvenile Court

 

This is a judicial body provincial level. In each province there can be one or more depending on the size and population of the same. The jurisdiction of each covering one or more judicial districts (group of municipalities).

 

It deals with where they had committed a crime or misdemeanor by a minor aged between 14 years and 18 years, although in certain circumstances the age will be extended to 21 years.

 

Court of First Instance and Instruction

 

Its jurisdiction corresponds to a match court. The most important stocks are separated and then of First Instance dealing with the issues of civil and Instruction, of the criminal matters.

 

Its responsibilities include therefore the criminal and civil matters. They are responsible for those cases that do not apply to other courts and others who derive among others after the Criminal Courts.

 

Court of Violence on Women

 

Its jurisdiction corresponds to a match court, but depending on the size of the population may exist more than one per game. They were created in 2004.

 

These courts deal with criminal and civil of all matters related to sexual violence and processes arising therefrom, such as separation, divorce or child custody.

 

Justices of the Peace

 

The municipalities that do not have a Court of First Instance and Instruction have a Magistrate's Court. Its scope would be limited to the Borough. It deals with issues of civil order and performs functions Register.

 

They can occupy the post of Justices of the Peace people who possess a degree in law, but access to the judiciary.




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