The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2007 issued by the Swedish Academy has fallen Americans Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies and the British Martin J. Evans for his work with stem cells.

These scientists opened the way for genetic manipulation when in 1989 created the first transgenic mouse. During embryonic development of rodent manipulated their genes getting the mutation of one of them.

With the same technique used by them are still manipulating the genes of these animals for studying diseases such as diabetes or cancer.