The surgical operations are performed by surgeons to repair and remove tissues and organs of the human body to resolve any disorder or disease.

Major advances in surgery were the use of anesthesia to prevent pain and antiseptics to prevent infections. Currently, progress is referring to the non-invasive surgery, which prevents large incisions.

Types surgery

Within surgery can be set according to a variety of disorders they intend to solve or organs that would affect the intervention:

·  Thoracic surgery: one that handles all operations related to the heart, lungs and esophagus.

·  Plastic surgery includes all those interventions that take place on the outside of the human body.

·  Orthopedic surgery or trauma: it is responsible for the specialty surgical interventions muscles and bones as a result of trauma or breaks.

·  Neurosurgery: specializes in operations that affect the nervous system. For example, those related to the spinal cord.

·  Maxillofacial surgery: deals with interventions in the face and mouth. For example, extractions of molars with greater difficulty.

Surgical Techniques

There are different types of surgical techniques that differ in the mode of intervention and instruments used. In this sense, technological advances are key, including the invention of the laser.

The traditional surgery is also known as invasive surgery. It is one in which incisions are made larger because the surgeon operates directly on the area to be treated.

Laparoscopic Surgery

They are minimally invasive operations. It consists of making a small incision through which introduces a lens that captures images of the interior of the body. These are transmitted to a monitor to perform the intervention.

Among the advantages of this operation are the shortening of convalescence and the reduced risk of infections in cuts or points.

Currently there have been many advances in this technique and applied to a wider range of interventions. It is very common to use this procedure, for example, in operations inguinal hernias.

Laser Surgery

It consists of the application of intense light beams on certain cells to those temperature increases until its elimination.

It is used, for example, to remove tumors or diseased tissues and blood vessels close. It also employs aesthetic purposes, such as reducing wrinkles.

Organ Transplant

These interventions are to remove and replace organs, tissues or cells in the patient's body. The donor can be one's own or another person other than this one.

The progress made in this field are very important. They are usually very long and complicated interventions that require many technical means.